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A corn is similar to a callus in that it is an area of thickened skin caused by pressure or friction, however, there are a few key differences that separate the two. Corn is smaller and has a painful “core” centre surrounded by inflamed skin. As the corn becomes thicker and bigger they develop internally in deeper layers of skin often causing pain and discomfort. It is common for them to appear on weight-bearing areas of your skin, for example, the soles of your feet. These corns are usually known as hard corns, where the skin has adapted and the painful “core” of the corn has become hard.

Corns can also develop on non-weight-bearing areas of the foot, specifically between toes that are “squashed” together. This is known as soft corn. They are whitish/grey and are often softer and thinner in texture. These form where the surface of the skin can become damp and inadequately dry, often due to sweating.

Poor-fitting footwear This could be footwear that’s too tight and narrow, causing them to rub against the feet or footwear that’s too big or loose, meaning your foot repeatedly slides against the shoe.

Excessive pronation of the foot (the extent to which your arch collapses inward when you walk) creates increased pressure at the front of your feet and toes

Feet with high arches can experience excessive pressure on the outside of the feet

Poor range of motion and mobility in joints

Long periods of standing on your feet

Previous trauma or surgery that has altered the structure of your feet, may mean excessive pressure is applied to new areas of the foot.

Conditions where bones are located closer to the skin’s surface (bony prominences) may cause more rubbing and friction e.g. bunions & Tailor’s bunions or rheumatoid arthritis.

Specific walking and running patterns that may place extra pressure on a specific area of the foot e.g. flat feet.

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